Nu Persei is a luminous yellow-white giant star belonging to the spectral class F5 II. It is approximately light years distant and has a visual magnitude of 3. Omicron Persei is another spectroscopic double in Perseus. It consists of a giant star of the spectral type B1 and a dwarf belonging to the class B3. The two orbit each other with a period of 4. Omicron Persei is between and light years distant from the solar system and has an apparent magnitude of 3. If the name sounds familiar, it is because Omicron Persei has been featured in a number of works of science fiction, most famously in the TV series Futurama , but also in Transformers , Star Trek and Mystery Science Theater Xi Persei is a blue giant with a visual magnitude of 4.
Menkib belongs to the spectral class O7. It is about 40 times more massive than the Sun and one of the hottest visible stars. It has a surface temperature of 37, K. Phi Persei is a double star consisting of a B2-class main sequence star and a subdwarf. The primary star has a visual magnitude of 4. Phi Persei is also classified as a variable star. It shows rapid variations in luminosity and spectrum. It is approximately light years distant.
Iota Persei is a main sequence dwarf of the spectral type G0 V. It has a visual magnitude of 4. The star has a relatively high proper motion. Theta Persei is a star system composed of a yellow dwarf of the spectral type F7V and a red dwarf belonging to the class M1V, located about astronomical units from the primary star.
The brighter dwarf has an apparent magnitude of 4. The system is Psi Persei is a main sequence star belonging to the spectral class B5Ve. The star can be seen without binoculars. It is classified as a Be star, which is to say a B-class star showing prominent hydrogen emission lines in its spectrum. Psi Persei is a shell star, which means that it is surrounded by a disc of gas at the equator line.
The star is a suspected member of the Alpha Persei Cluster, but has a higher proper motion than other members. Omega Persei belongs to the spectral class K1III and is approximately light years distant from the solar system.
Pi Persei belongs to the spectral class A2Vn and has a visual magnitude of 4. It is light years distant from the Sun. It has an apparent magnitude of 4. The star is now usually referred to as HR X Persei is a double star system with a blue main sequence star spectral type O9.
It has an apparent magnitude of 6. The star is notable because it is orbited by a neutron star, X Persei B. A neutron star is a hot remnant, composed almost entirely of neutrons, of a massive star that underwent a gravitational collapse during a Type II, Ib or Ic supernova event. Nova Persei , also known as GK Persei, was a bright nova that occurred in With a peak magnitude of 0.
GK Persei subsequently faded to magnitude 12 or 13, but had occasional outbursts of 2 to 3 magnitudes. In the last 30 years, the outbursts have become pretty regular and last about two months every three years or so, which makes GK Persei resemble not a typical nova, but a dwarf nova-type cataclysmic variable star. V Persei is a young star belonging to the spectral class K3V, located in the young open star cluster IC The star is occulted by an unknown body every 4.
The Perseids are probably the best known of all meteor showers. They can be seen every summer, from mid-July to late August in the northern hemisphere. The meteor shower peaks every year around August 13, when the rate of meteors can reach over 60 per hour, which usually happens in the hours just before the dawn. The Perseid meteor shower is associated with the Perseus constellation because its apparent point of origin, also called the radiant, is located in the constellation.
The meteor shower has been observed for some years or so, with first reports coming from the Far East. The shower is also known as the tears of St. Lawrence in some Catholic countries, as it coincides with the date of St. The Perseids are associated with the comet Swift-Tuttle, a periodic comet that has an orbital period of about years. The comet was first discovered by Lewis Smith and Horace Parnell Tuttle, two American astronomers who independently observed it in July The comet has a solid nucleus 26 kilometres across and is the parent body of the Perseid meteor shower.
It leaves a line of debris known as the Perseid cloud along its orbit. Most of the dust in the cloud is believed to be about a thousand years old. Messier 34 is an open cluster with a visual magnitude of 5. It is between and million years old. It contains about stars and is seven light years in radius. In good conditions, it appears as a blurry patch slightly north of the line from Algol to Almach , Gamma Andromedae.
The Little Dumbbell Nebula is a planetary nebula in Perseus. It has a visual magnitude of The first person to recognize it as a planetary nebula was the astronomer Heber Doust Curtis. The Little Dumbbell Nebula is 2. The nebula was originally assigned two catalogue numbers, NGC and NGC , because it was believed to consist of two different emission nebulae. The Alpha Persei Cluster is an open star cluster in Perseus.
It contains several blue stars, the brightest one of which is Mirfak, Alpha Persei, a white-yellow second magnitude giant. Other bright members of the cluster include Delta, Epsilon, and Psi Persei. The estimated age of the cluster is between 50 and 70 million years. The Alpha Persei Cluster is between and light years distant and has a visual magnitude of 1. The Perseus molecular cloud is a giant molecular cloud, or stellar nursery, located about light years from the solar system.
The Perseus Cluster is a cluster of galaxies located in Perseus constellation. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Share Flipboard Email. Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph. Chemistry Expert. Helmenstine holds a Ph. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels. Facebook Facebook Twitter Twitter. Updated November 07, Featured Video. Sources Allen, R. Popular Astronomy: 30 pp.
Cite this Article Format. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph. The Perseus Constellation. How to Find the Aquarius Constellation. Deciphering Star Charts for Skygazing. How to Spot the Scorpius Constellation. How to Spot the Pegasus Constellation. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for ThoughtCo. Perseus contains a number of stars brighter than magnitude 4. Mirphak is the brightest. With a visual magnitude of 1.
The second brightest star is Algol with a magnitude of 2. Algol is a triple star system and was associated with the eye of the Gorgon Medusa in Greek mythology. Zeta Persei is the third brightest star with a magnitude of 2.
It is a blue-white supergiant star located approximately light years from Earth. The plane of the Milky Way passes through Perseus, so it is rich in deep sky objects. It contains two Messier objects, M34 and M M34 is an open star cluster containing about individual stars. M76, also known as the Little Dumbbell Nebula, is a planetary nebula left over from a supernova explosion.
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