He may be the best reporter of all time. Woodward has co-authored or authored 13 1 national best-selling non-fiction books. Woodward was born March 26, in Illinois. He graduated from Yale University in and served five years as a communications officer in the U. Navy before beginning his journalism career at the Montgomery County Sentinel Maryland , where he was a reporter for one year before joining the Post.
In the early s, Bernstein and Bob Woodward broke the Watergate story for The Washington Post , leading to the resignation of President Richard Nixon and setting the standard for modern investigative reporting, for which they and The Post were awarded the Pulitzer Prize. Since then, Bernstein has continued to build on the theme he and Woodward first explored in the Nixon years — the use and abuse of power: political, media, financial, cultural and spiritual power.
One file included the notation "Woodward rewrite of Armstrong rewrite of Woodward original. Arrangement of this subseries is the same as in Woodward's, with topically headed drafts of sections used in Part I of the book followed by chronologically arranged sections used in Part II. None of Bernstein's Final Days source files are currently open for research. Research materials consist of one typed chronology of Watergate news stories similar to those located in the Woodward Final Days subseries Unique to Bernstein's subseries are heavily edited photocopies of intermediate drafts and a copy-edited final draft.
Also specific to Bernstein's files are his extensive handwritten preliminary notes, outlines, and comments on the book's development, as well as several drafts of acknowledgements, forewords, and other front matter used in the book. Other materials include galley proofs with Bernstein's corrections, copies of the Newsweek book excerpts, and a small amount of correspondence mostly related to reviews and sales figures.
Correspondence, 5 boxes The Correspondence subseries contains letters sent to Woodward and Bernstein at the Washington Post from to The bulk of the material is fan mail consisting of requests for photographs or autographs, invitations to speak to groups or attend functions, and suggestions of potential stories in need of investigation.
Included are letters praising their work at the Post , their books, and their movie, as well as letters critical of their works, particularly The Final Days. In addition to the fan mail are letters and telegrams from coworkers and fellow journalists such as Tom Brokaw. Woodward and Bernstein were assisted with their correspondence by Laura Quirk.
A Post employee, Quirk gathered the letters in batches and sent them to either Woodward or Bernstein, who then forwarded the correspondence to the other after review. This system caused a great deal of overlap in dates among the files, particularly during when they received a large amount of mail in response to the release of The Final Days and the movie All the President's Men.
There are numerous notes and comments written between Woodward, Bernstein, and Quirk at the tops of letters and on the file folders containing them, including drafts of replies. Several folders of mail dating from to include carbons of typed responses along with the incoming letters, but the bulk of the correspondence files contain incoming letters only. The folders of correspondence were received at the Ransom Center in no particular order.
During processing they were grouped according to notations written by Quirk on the front of the file folders: "General," "Carl," "Done," and "File. Other correspondence is located with Bernstein's All the President's Men memorabilia, Woodward's personal materials, and with promotional materials and clippings for both their books and the movie. All incoming correspondence, other than routine fan mail, is indexed at the end of the finding aid.
Included in the index are notes and memos from Washington Post and Simon and Schuster personnel. Clippings and Videos, , 5 boxes The Clippings and Videos subseries consists primarily of reviews and commentary on the book and movie versions of All the President's Men and on The Final Days. Sources include newspapers, magazines, press releases, publishers' catalogs, and printed advertisements.
Many of the clippings were collected by Simon and Schuster or clipping services and include material from the United Kingdom, France, and a small number of Spanish and German language clippings. Some of the clippings sent by individuals include letters or written commentary. Clippings related to The Final Days document the strong criticism directed at Bernstein and Woodward concerning their methods and motives.
Of note is a press release from Nixon friend and supporter Rabbi Baruch Korff detailing Korff's assessment of numerous errors and false claims in The Final Days. Bernstein's handwritten comments on the release refute or explain each of Korff's claims. Included is a scrapbook created by Bernstein's mother and a typed carbon draft of a Washington Post story by Robert Kaiser on Bernstein leaving the Post.
Several articles document Bernstein's activities after his departure, including one dated Also included is a Quill article written by Bernstein that details how he and Woodward pursued the Watergate story. Similar clippings are located in the Clippings subseries of Woodward's papers, but in lesser amounts. Digital copies are available for research use. Audiotapes: Bernstein Carl. Index Terms People Bernstein, Carl, Buchen, Philip W. Philip William , Buzhardt, J. Fred Joseph Fred , Ehrlichman, John.
Ford, Gerald R. Goldwater, Barry M. Barry Morris , Haldeman, H. Harry R. Harlow, Bryce Nathaniel, Jaworski, Leon. Korff, Baruch, Nixon, Richard M. Richard Milhous , Rhodes, John J. John Jay , Richardson, Elliot L. Scott, Hugh, Clair, James D. Subjects Investigative reporting -- United States.
Journalism -- United States. Journalists -- United States. Political corruption -- United States. Presidents -- United States -- History -- 20th century. Press and politics -- United States. Watergate Affair, Title subjects All the president's men Motion picture. Washington post Washington, D. Places United States -- Politics and government -- Document Types Editorial cartoons.
Galley proofs. Political cartoons. Sound recordings. Video recordings. Container List. Woodward, Bob and Bernstein, Carl Typed and handwritten manuscripts, interview notes, galley proofs, financial records, correspondence, audio and video tapes, clippings, research files, court documents, government publications, photographs, and memorabilia document the Watergate investigation and writings of Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein.
Confidential interview files remain closed until the death of the interviewee or release by Woodward and Bernstein. Bernstein, Carl, and Bob Woodward. Each series is further organized into subseries reflecting the manner in which Woodward and Bernstein each maintained their own files:. Clippings and Videos, , 5 boxes. In addition, they tracked down and interviewed a large number of people who gradually revealed various pieces of the puzzle.
Their editors at the Post allowed them to keep most of their sources confidential, but demanded that alleged facts be confirmed by more than one witness.
This practice was usually followed scrupulously, but broke down when Bernstein and Woodward wrongly claimed that Hugh Sloan, a CRP official, had implicated H. They later discovered that Sloan meant to communicate to them that Haldeman was guilty, but that Sloan had not said so to the grand jury because he had not been asked.
Woodward relied on one source whom he refused to identify even to his editors except by the code-name "Deep Throat. From the time of the break-in, and through the fall and winter of , Bernstein and Woodward, under increasing public attack from White House spokesmen, worked virtually alone on the story.
In February the U. Senate voted seventy to zero to establish a committee of four Democrats and three Republicans to investigate the Watergate affair. Soon other newspapers began to investigate the Watergate story more energetically, and legislative and judicial agencies began to uncover a larger and larger pattern of lawbreaking.
Bernstein and Woodward stayed on the story, though the government agencies they had helped to prod into activity now began to resent their continuing revelations. Samuel Dash, the Democratic counsel to the Senate Select Committee chaired by Senator Sam Ervin of North Carolina, argued in his later book on the Senate investigation, Chief Counsel, that the admirable, early investigative reporting of Bernstein and Woodward had now degenerated into what he called "hit and run" journalism based on leaks from the committee and jeopardized the ability of the legal system to track down and punish the guilty.
But Bernstein and Woodward were already branching out into another form of journalism, having secured a contract to write a book on their Watergate investigations. Some parallels with Watergate are inescapable, he said. But the differences from that era appear more profound to him. No president has done anything like Trump to characterise the American press and its exercise of the first amendment as the enemy of the people, a phrase associated with the greatest despots of the 20th century.
Even using the word demagogue and saying that the president of the United States is a habitual liar, one would not have said that about Nixon. Woodward, 75, and Bernstein, 74, never stopped reporting or writing. Woodward has worked at the Post for nearly half a century and is now associate editor.
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